SOAL SIMAK UI BAHASA INGGRIS TAHUN 2011 KODE SOAL 213


SOAL SIMAK UI BAHASA INGGRIS

Refugees are obviously not a new phenomenon. It has been said that Adam and Eve share the dubious honor of being the first refugees. In biblical times the Hebrews, to escape from slavery under the pharaos, fled from Egypt in one of the first recorded collective migrations. Throughout history, wars, invasions, and religious and political persecutions have left a trail of refugees and a concomitant acceptance of the right in churches, mosques, and other holy places. The 17th century Dutch jurist Hugo Grotius, himself a refugee, declared that “permanent residence ought not to be denied to foreigners who, expelled from their homes, are seeking a refuge, provided that they submit themselves to the established government and observe any regulations which are necessary to avoid strifes.” However, until the 20th century, there were no international agreements covering the right of asylum. Only in a few instances appropriate national legislation was enacted.

41. The topic of this paragraph is ____.
(A) the predicament of refugees
(B) the development of refugees
(C) refugees’ right of permanent residence
(D) solution for refugees
(E) refugees over the ages

42. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses _____.
(A) refugees’ loss of freedom
(B) examples of proper legislation regulating refugees
(C) the government’s act to ban refugees
(D) the fight of modern refugees
(E) new residence for refugees

Floods are second only to fire as the most common of all natural disasters. They occur almost everywhere in the world, resulting in widespread damage and even death. Consequently, scientists have long tried to perfect their ability to predict floods. So far, the best that scientists can do is to recognize the potential for flooding in certain conditions. There are a number of conditions, from deep snow on the ground to human error, that cause flooding.
When deep snow melts, it creates a large amount of water. Although deep snow alone rarely causes floods, when it occurs together with heavy rain and sudden warmer weather, it can lead to serious flooding. If there is a fast snow melt on top of frozen or very wet ground, flooding is more likely to occur than when the ground is not frozen. Frozen ground or ground that is very wet and already saturated with water cannot absorb the additional water created by the melting snow. Melting snow also contributes to high water levels in rivers and streams. Whenever rivers are already at their full capacity of water, heavy rains will result in the rivers overflowing and flooding the surrounding land.
Rivers that are covered in ice can also lead to flooding. When ice begins to melt, the surface of the ice cracks and breaks into large pieces. These pieces of ice move and float down the river. They can form a dam in the river, causing the water behind the dam to rise and flood the land upstream. If the dam breaks suddenly, then the large amount of water held behind the dam can flood the areas downstream too.
Broken ice dams are not the only dam problems that can cause flooding. When a large human-made dam breaks or fails to hold the water collected behind it, the results can be devastating. Dams contain such huge amounts of water behind them that when sudden breaks occur, the destructive force of the water is like a great tidal wave. Unleashed dam waters can travel tens of kilometers, cover the ground in meters of mud and debris, and drown and crush every thing and creature in their path.
Although scientists cannot always predict exactly when floods will occur, they do know a great deal about when floods are likely, or probably, going to occur. Deep snow, ice-covered rivers, and weak dams are all strong conditions for potential flooding. Hopefully, this knowledge of why floods happen can help us reduce the damage they cause. (418)


43. The best title of the passage is _____.
(A) The Most Common Natural Disaster
(B) Potential Circumstances for Flooding
(C) Scientists’ Ability to Predict Floods
(D) Damages Caused by Flood
(E) Prevention of Potential Flooding

44. The following statement is TRUE according to the 2nd paragraph _____
(A) Flooding occurs when melting snow makes the level of a river rise.
(B) Melting deep snow together with heavy rain rarely cause flooding.
(C) Melting snow causes pieces of ice to block the river, which causes flooding.
(D) Pieces of ice move and float down the river, making the water too cold.
(E) Ground saturated by water will easily absorb melting snow.

45. The word “ debris ” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _____.
(A) residue
(B) leftovers
(C) wreckage
(D) leavings
(E) garbage

46. It can be concluded from the text that the scientists _____.
(A) have come very close to knowing when floods will occur
(B) are required to provide some help when flooding occurs
(C) believe that flooding is the most common natural disaster
(D) have sufficient knowledge to recognize potential flooding conditions
(E) are trying to reduce damage caused by floods

47. The purpose of the writer is _____.
(A) to criticize the scientists
(B) to ask for actions to help flooding victims
(C) to inform the readers on how to stop flooding
(D) to clarify the impacts of flooding
(E) to explain the conditions that can cause flooding

Research has found that people sleep better at different times during their daily cycle. For example, some people function better if they go to sleep early and rise early, __ 56 __ others feel more rested if they stay up late and sleep in. Many people don’t pay attention to the __ 57 __ of their sleep. Yet delaying or __ 58 __ the time you go to sleep can have a major impact on how you feel when you wake up. The __ 59 __ of sleep the average adult needs each night also varies. Some people may be fine with six hours sleep, while others need up to nine hours per night. A scientist points out that those who follow a __ 60 __ sleep schedule are more apt to function better on fewer  ours, but she adds that most adults need at least six hours of sleep each night.

 48. ...
(A) when
(B) although
(C) since
(D) so that
(E) while

49. ...
(A) timing
(B) way
(C) effects
(D) habit
(E) regularity

50. ...
(A) alter
(B) altered
(C) altering
(D) alteration
(E) alternative

51. ...
(A) number
(B) total
(C) sum
(D) whole
(E) amount

52. ...
(A) regular
(B) regulator
(C) regularly
(D) regularity
(E) regulation


53. Which response is NOT possible?
Rama: I finally finished the project I was working on.
Kris: _____
(A) I couldn’t have done better!
(B) What is your next project?
(C) You’ve been working very hard.
(D) Will you have completed it by tomorrow?
(E) It’s about time you finished it.

54. _____ students studying in a foreign country are provided with information about literacy practices and academic culture of that country, they will feel stranded in that academic environment.
(A) As
(B) In order that
(C) Unless
(D) As soon as
(E) Where

55. Dani was extremely tired when he arrived, because he _________ for his flight for three hours.
(A) waited
(B) was waiting
(C) had waited
(D) had been waiting
(E) had been waited

56. Malnutrition among children ____ not only in low-income families but also among high-income earners is caused by economic factors as well as the habits and lifestyle of parents.
(A) occur
(B) occurred
(C) they occur
(D) occurring
(E) to occur

57. The term ’rock’, ____ a shortened form of ’rock-and-roll’, was coined by an American broadcaster to replace ’rhythm-and-blues’.
(A) it is
(B) which is
(C) for which
(D) which it is
(E) is

58. Renata: Do you know why Indi wasn’t in class this morning?
Indra: She ____ sick. She had a terrible headache last night.
(A) would rather be
(B) would have been
(C) must have been
(D) had better be
(E) should have been

59. _____ is known by anyone rowing a boat in a strong wind.
(A) Whether it is easier to go with the wind than against it
(B) When it is easier to go with the wind than against it
(C) That it is easier to go with the wind than against it
(D) It is easier to go with the wind than against it
(E) Where it is easier to go with the wind than against it

60. Having survived the impact of the international financial crisis, the insurance industry expects a steady growth in 2011. The italic phrase means _____ the insurance industry has survived the impact of the international financial crisis.
(A) although
(B) while
(C) because
(D) in order that
(E) whenever
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